WOLFWHALEEducation PlatformSaskatchewan · Treaty 6
Explore documents, photographs, maps, recordings and Indigenous-led learning resources. Start with a question, check the original, and build an investigation.
102 records in this collection · 94 individual source records · 8 collection portals
A curated starting collection of primary documents, archival items and Indigenous-led resources. First Nations, Métis and Inuit histories remain distinct.
Portals provide a route into other collections; their holdings are not counted as individual WolfWhale records. A primary source documents a person, institution or moment. It still needs context, comparison and attention to the voices it excludes.
Some originals include discriminatory language or accounts of harm. Teachers should review them before use.
Some licensed files can be viewed on WolfWhale; other records link to their publishers. Each source page shows its original record, access and reuse conditions.
Read the written record alongside named First Nations accounts.
Community accounts, dated plans and primary governance records retain their own scope and edition.
Photographs, political documents, periodicals and named-speaker language records.
Keep historical editions, policy proposals and current legislation distinct.
Item records and collections with access and reproduction notes.
Resources published by named Indigenous institutions and communities.
Explore archival collections and reports; collection portals are labelled separately.
102 records · 94 individual sources · 8 portals
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Primary document · Text
Read the federal transcript of Treaty 6, including written provisions on reserves, education, hunting and fishing, a medicine chest, emergency assistance, and later adhesions. Pair the written document with First Nations accounts of the Treaty relationship.
Primary document · Text
This combined federal page includes Treaty 1 and Treaty 2, with later records addressing promises and annuities. Treaty 2 is part of Saskatchewan's Treaty Education continuum; keep the two treaty sections and their signatories distinct.
Primary document · Text
This federal transcription brings together the Treaty 4 document, government orders and later adhesions. It supports close comparison with Treaty 6 while keeping their different written terms and histories distinct.
Primary document · Text
Read the Treaty 5 document and recorded adhesions, including provisions on reserve lands, schools, hunting and fishing. Its written geographic description includes Cumberland Lake, making it relevant to eastern Saskatchewan research.
Primary document · Text
The Treaty 8 text and associated federal records provide a northern comparison with Treaty 6. Read provisions about livelihoods and land alongside the commissioners' account of negotiations.
Primary document · Text
Read the northern Treaty 10 document and associated records. The text gives a basis for comparing promises about reserve land, livelihoods and education with Treaties 6 and 8.
Indigenous-led resource · Text
The Confederacy sets out ten Treaty principles concerning consent, nationhood, peaceful coexistence and the continuing relationship with the Crown. Use it beside the federal transcript to identify whose understanding a source presents.
Indigenous-led resource · Text
Lac La Ronge Indian Band identifies its Treaty 6 adhesion at Molanosa on 11 February 1889 and its Woodland Cree language. The page names six communities and describes their administration.
Primary document · Text
Read the 1876 Act as historical evidence of federal administration of First Nations identity, lands and governance. This archived version must be kept separate from the current consolidated Indian Act.
Primary document · Text
The Justice Laws page provides the consolidated Indian Act with full HTML, XML and PDF options and previous versions. Read its stated currency date before using it in a lesson or legal-history comparison.
Primary document · Text
Part II recognizes and affirms existing Aboriginal and Treaty rights. Section 35 names Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples and includes treaty rights arising from land-claims agreements; read all four subsections together.
Primary document · Text
Read the Crown's proclamation concerning colonial administration, land and dealings with First Nations. The publisher explains the transcript's printed source and its relationship to Treaty-making and section 25 of the Constitution Act, 1982.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The government's 1969 policy proposal is the document commonly called the White Paper. It proposed repeal of the Indian Act and changes to government responsibilities and land administration. Study it with Citizens Plus rather than accepting its claims about consultation as neutral fact.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The Indian Chiefs of Alberta responded to the White Paper by defending Treaty rights, lands and the responsibilities of the federal government. This PDF is a later journal reprint of the 1970 presentation and counter-policy.
Primary document · Document / PDF
Read the Commission's 94 Calls to Action, organized around the legacy of residential schools and reconciliation. Education-related calls give a starting point for discussing responsibilities of governments, institutions and educators.
Archival record · Document / PDF
The Commission organized excerpts from residential school Survivor statements into themes including family separation, language, daily life and returning home. Read named accounts in their published context and recognize the diversity of experiences.
Historical context · Document / PDF
This first historical volume traces the development of the residential school system to 1939 using government and church records, other research and Survivor evidence. Its source notes support deeper inquiry into specific institutions and policies.
Historical context · Document / PDF
The second historical part follows the system's operation and dismantling from 1939 to 2000. Chapters examine education, child welfare, health, discipline, abuse, sports, staff and the closing of schools.
Historical context · Document / PDF
The Commission's dedicated Métis volume addresses distinct policy and student experiences, including a chapter on Île-à-la-Crosse in Saskatchewan. It helps readers avoid treating First Nations and Métis residential-school histories as interchangeable.
Historical context · Document / PDF
This volume considers the continuing legacy of residential schools and the Commission's recommendations. Use its chapters and source notes to connect historical policies with the Commission's account of present-day institutions and responsibilities.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The Commission's final volume sets out its account of reconciliation and the changes it recommends. It supports inquiry into the relationship between historical truth, public institutions, education and responsibilities for action.
Historical context · Document / PDF
The summary of the Commission's final report brings together the history of residential schools, their legacy, reconciliation and Calls to Action. It is an entry point to the fuller historical volumes and evidence.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The Commission presents its definition and principles of reconciliation with an overview of residential-school history and legacy. This concise statement can anchor a discussion of respectful relationships and responsibility.
Primary document · Text
The Act confirms the 1930 resource-transfer agreement between Canada and Saskatchewan. Schedule paragraphs 10–12 address reserve lands, further lands needed for Treaty obligations, and hunting, trapping and fishing for food.
Primary document · Document / PDF
Read the UN Declaration's articles concerning Indigenous peoples' rights, including self-determination, language, education, culture and lands. Distinguish this international Declaration from Canada's later federal implementation Act.
Primary document · Text
The federal Act affirms the Declaration's application in Canadian law and sets requirements for the Government of Canada, including consistency of laws, an action plan and reporting. Its schedule reproduces the UN Declaration.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The Ministry's K–12 Treaty Education continuum sets out four goals and grade-specific outcomes and indicators. Teachers can use the exact outcome and indicator wording to judge whether a resource supports their planned lesson.
Indigenous-led resource · Document / PDF
Sweetgrass First Nation's community plan includes its account of Chief Sweetgrass and the Treaty 6 signing, alongside community values, planning priorities and future directions. It provides a Nation-authored connection between history and present community planning.
Archival record · Document / PDF
This reprinted memorandum records Reed's proposed measures after the 1885 Resistance, including restrictions on leaving reserves, leadership, annuities and livelihoods. Dewdney's annotations appear alongside the proposals, showing the administrative dialogue.
Primary document · Document / PDF
This inquiry examines the history and disposition of IR 100A and records the Commission's findings and recommendation. Its historical section includes pass-system evidence and precise archival citations connected to Cumberland and Fort à la Corne.
Collection portal · Archive
Searchable portal for scholarship, oral histories, videos, government publications, documents and photographs. Includes Indigenous-creator and open-access filters.
Collection portal · Archive
Cooperative archival site with item/file descriptions, selected digitized media and exhibits. Participants include Poundmaker Historical Centre and Northern Saskatchewan Archives.
Indigenous-led resource · Teaching resource
Community-connected lessons, videos, teacher materials and templates. Each lesson has particular Lands and Peoples; read its acknowledgement protocol.
Indigenous-led resource · Teaching resource
Gateway to distinct Dene, Saulteaux, Dakota, Nakoda, Lakota, Swampy Cree, Woodland Cree and Plains Cree pages.
Indigenous-led resource · Teaching resource
Attributed cultural-centre overview of Cree language history and distinctions among Saskatchewan dialects. Pair with community-specific language resources.
Indigenous-led resource · Teaching resource
Attributed cultural-centre overview of Cree language history and distinctions among Saskatchewan dialects. Pair with community-specific language resources.
Collection portal · Audio
Gateway to SICC releases in powwow, round-dance, children’s-song and other categories, with streaming/store directions.
Indigenous-led resource · Video
Eight-part Indigenous Awareness series featuring John Lagimodiere and Winston McLean, covering treaties, the Indian Act, residential schools, rights and terminology.
Indigenous-led resource · Video
Education series developed with Elders, Knowledge Keepers and specialists, covering Northern Plains history, land connections and archaeology with facilitator activities.
Collection portal · Archive
Métis-directed photographs, documents, oral histories, language materials and learning resources with collection browsing and citation guidance.
Collection portal · Audio
Gateway to language interviews, lessons, oral-history transcripts and guides. GDI distinguishes three Michif language names in Saskatchewan.
Archival record · Photograph
Photograph catalogued as Gabriel Dumont’s grave at Batoche.
Archival record · Photograph
Photograph catalogued as a sign for the Batoche rectory.
Archival record · Photograph
Photograph catalogued as an abandoned sod farmhouse around Batoche.
Collection portal · Archive
Documents, oral histories, photos and records with public database, map, tutorials and access guidance.
Archival record · Photograph
Archive description identifies Chief Poundmaker posing with a rifle.
Archival record · Photograph
Photomechanical copy catalogued as Big Bear and another unidentified man at Fort Pitt, with other people in the background.
Archival record · Photograph
Photograph catalogued as a Treaty payment day at Sturgeon Lake.
Archival record · Photograph
Portrait catalogued as Chief Thunderchild in western clothing, wearing what the description identifies tentatively as Treaty medals.
Archival record · Photograph
Group photograph catalogued at the Onion Lake Indian Agency in 1901.
Historical context · Map
Official OTC catalogue entry for a free downloadable Saskatchewan Treaty map.
Historical context · Teaching resource
OTC reference book describing foundational Treaty-education concepts and understandings expected by the end of Grade 12.
Collection portal · Archive
Official map/table linking Indigenous-related collections and selected digitized material. Saskatchewan examples include 1977 Elders’ hearing transcripts and 1885 maps.
Collection portal · Archive
Digitized archival-series gateway for Indian Affairs administration in Western Canada, with finding-aid notes and reel browsing. The creator was Canada’s Department of Indian Affairs.
Historical context · Text
The OTC explains its role in facilitating Treaty Table discussions under a mandate from the Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations and Canada. Its account helps readers study an institution involved in Treaty implementation and the participation of Saskatchewan as an observer.
Indigenous-led resource · Text
The Nation presents its account of Cree governance, Chief Ahtahkakoop, Treaty 6 negotiations, reserve selection and farming. Read it beside the Treaty transcript to distinguish a Nation's account of the relationship from the Crown-language document.
Primary document · Document / PDF
This Nation-published strategic plan records a 2022 planning process and six priority areas, including governance, education, culture and health. It names goals concerning Elders, language and community relationships.
Indigenous-led resource · Text
Onion Lake's timeline connects a gathering place and fur-trade route with Treaty 6, the histories of Seekaskootch and Makaoo, reserve formation and later community developments. It is a Nation-published account of its own history.
Indigenous-led resource · Document / PDF
This Nation-published booklet describes Muskeg Lake's understanding of Treaty 6 and its history of governance, followed by its approach to renewed self-government rooted in Cree law and culture.
Indigenous-led resource · Text
Muskeg Lake's account emphasizes veterans' influence on community life and the role of its 1988 and 1992 land agreements in relationships with surrounding governments. It presents community history through the Nation's own priorities.
Indigenous-led resource · Text
The Nation explains its Treaty Land Entitlement trust and the role of land agreements in agricultural and urban development. The account links earlier survey shortfalls with later settlement and land acquisition.
Primary document · Document / PDF
This publicly posted draft proposes how a trust would receive, protect and use funds related to the 1919 Soldier Settlement Board surrender claim. It includes provisions for land acquisition, community purposes, auditing and elector approval.
Primary document · Document / PDF
Thunderchild's membership package explains the historical and legal basis of its agricultural-benefits claim and the proposed settlement process. It connects Treaty provisions with surveys, farming and restrictions on livelihoods.
Primary document · Document / PDF
This government-hosted electronic reference copy provides the Framework Agreement's provisions and schedules for resolving outstanding Treaty land entitlements. It supports inquiry into settlement, purchase and reserve creation as distinct stages.
Indigenous-led resource · Document / PDF
The Band's historical outline follows the James Roberts and Amos Charles bands through the 1889 Treaty adhesion, later separation and 1950 amalgamation. It identifies paylists and a 1972 report as evidence for several milestones.
Primary document · Document / PDF
Stanley Mission's community plan combines local history with goals concerning governance, land, health, education and infrastructure. It records how surveys, Elder interviews and community meetings contributed to planning.
Primary document · Text
The community plan presents Little Red River's connections with Lac La Ronge and Montreal Lake, local agricultural history and community priorities. Its history section distinguishes oral accounts, correspondence and later reserve developments.
Primary document · Text
The archived government statement records the 2019 exoneration and apology concerning Chief Poundmaker. It is a primary document of a contemporary act of recognition and accountability, which should be read alongside the Nation's histories and older records.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The posted by-law and Council resolution concern the preservation, protection and management of big game on Little Pine reserve lands. They provide a specific example of a Nation's public legislative document and enforcement provisions.
Primary document · Text
The federal Act addresses implementation of Saskatchewan Treaty land-entitlement agreements and includes schedules concerning the resource-transfer amendment, Framework Agreement and Nekaneet Agreement. Its definitions distinguish the agreements and their application.
Primary document · Document / PDF
This publicly available Land Code sets out authority over First Nation land, law-making procedures, community input and land administration. Read it as a specific Nation's governance document, with the dated edition kept visible.
Primary document · Document / PDF
This dated code sets out Muskeg Lake's land-law procedures, community approvals, protection of land, heritage sites and administration. It offers a concrete primary document for comparing formal governance procedures with the Nation's account of self-government.
Primary document · Document / PDF
One Arrow's dated Land Code addresses law-making, community approvals, land protection, financial accountability and dispute resolution. It is a primary document of the Nation's formal land-governance framework.
Primary document · Text
The Tribunal's reasons address compensation for withheld Treaty 6 annuities after the 1885 Resistance. They distinguish the earlier finding of a valid claim from the later assessment of compensation and describe the evidence and parties' positions.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The Commission reports on mediation of Thunderchild's 1908 surrender claim, describing historical land pressures, relocation and the process leading to settlement. It is a primary source for the Commission's account of that mediation.
Primary document · Text
The dated federal announcement records recognition of unfulfilled Treaty 10 agricultural promises and includes statements attributed to English River representatives. It provides a primary document of the announcement and the positions presented at that time.
Historical context · Text
The Nation's community page presents an account of Chief John Iron's Treaty 10 concerns and requests at a 1907 annuity meeting. It points readers to Anthony Gulig's research on Treaty Ten negotiations.
Primary document · Document / PDF
This Commission report examines exclusion from lands used by Canoe Lake and Cold Lake communities when the Primrose Lake Air Weapons Range was established. It presents community evidence, historical documentation and recommendations concerning the claims.
Primary document · Document / PDF
The Morin Lake plan brings together Hall Lake, Sikachu and Clam Lake Bridge history with community engagement and priorities. Its historical account discusses connections with Little Hills and the significance of Sally Ross in local education.
Primary document · Document / PDF
Grandmother's Bay's plan combines its account of settlement and changing access along the Churchill River system with priorities for governance, land, education and community services. It records a community planning process and proposed actions.
Archival record · Photograph
Batoche village, circa 1885; photographer unidentified.
Archival record · Photograph
Louis Riel as a prisoner in Major-General F. D. Middleton’s camp at Batoche, 16 May 1885.
Archival record · Photograph
Louis Riel, circa 1868; photographer unidentified.
Archival record · Map
Batoche battlefield sketch map, 1885, published in the 1886 Sessional Papers, plate VII.
Archival record · Photograph
Portrait identified as Gabriel Dumont by the file record. Archive credit: Strong / LAC / PA-178147.
Archival record · Archive
Certificate issued to Paul Blandion of Fort Pitt in 1876 and acquired by GDI in October 2024.
Archival record · Archive
English summation of a Northern Michif interview relating to Île-à-la-Crosse and Sandy Point.
Archival record · Archive
English summation of a Northern Michif interview relating to Île-à-la-Crosse and Sandy Point.
Archival record · Video
Interview about historical research on families, church/school history, language and place names.
Archival record · Archive
Military appendix with transcriptions attributed to Poundmaker’s correspondence with Riel and Middleton.
Archival record · Map
Reverse of McGiffen’s battle map, with writing attributed to Pigott.
Historical context · Map
Published illustration of Métis land division from Changing Times, page 10.
Archival record · Video
Political organizers discuss constitutional recognition, organizations, Métis women, identity, scrip, land rights and Primrose Lake.
Archival record · Archive
Interview record covering food, music, clothing and recreation in Île-à-la-Crosse/Beauval context.
Archival record · Archive
Interview record on education, Michif, work, trapping and other experiences in Île-à-la-Crosse/Pinehouse.
Archival record · Archive
Interview record about language and daily life in Île-à-la-Crosse/Beauval context.
Archival record · Archive
Political research/discussion paper examining the scrip system and Métis dispossession.
Archival record · Archive
Organizational discussion paper arguing about scrip and Métis Aboriginal title.
Archival record · Archive
Organizational paper discussing Métis nationhood claims in Saskatchewan/Alberta following the Red River Resistance.
Archival record · Archive
Complete issue covering constitutional recognition, rights, scrip and other cultural/political topics.
Archival record · Archive
Part of an issue covering history, education, housing, employment, politics and Louis Riel.
Archival record · Archive
Complete issue with constitutional updates, youth, SUNTEP and GDI’s official opening among its topics.
For teachers
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