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The 1969 White Paper
Follow a policy debate about equality, land, treaties, and who gets to make decisions.
Sources & media (1)
Published documents, accounts and media. Check each item’s context, access and reuse terms.
- Statement of the Government of Canada on Indian Policy, 1969
Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development; Government of Canada Publications · Primary document · Document / PDF
History
10 topics
Arctic histories & Inuit ancestors
Many generations of movement and adaptation
1 resource
Beringia
An ancient landscape of land, ice and changing seas
1 resource
Contact was not one moment
Regional encounters in an already connected continent
1 resource
Deep-time evidence
Bluefish Caves and White Sands ask different questions
1 resource
How do we know?
Read objects, oral histories, documents and images
1 resource
Red River, resistance & scrip
Métis political action and land records
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Residential schools & the work of truth
Children, Survivors and continuing responsibilities
11 related resourcesThe 1969 White Paper
Follow a policy debate about equality, land, treaties, and who gets to make decisions.
2 related resourcesThe Indian Act
Understand the difference between a federal law, First Nations identity, and treaty rights through six short chapters.
4 related resourcesThe Red Paper
Explore the 1970 response to the White Paper and the continuing question of who decides a community's future.
2 related resourcesFor teachers
Review sources, local context and suggested curriculum connections before teaching.